Q) Describe the important characteristics of a software process. Q) Explain software process. Enumerate the activities common to all software processes. Also list the characteristics of software processes. Ans) Software Process:- A software process is a set of activities, together with ordering constraints among them, such that if the activities are performed properly and in accordance with the ordering constraints, the desired result is produced. The desired result is high quality software at low cost. There are four fundamental process activities which are common to all software processes. These activities are- 1) Software Specification 2) Software Development 3) Software Validation 4) Software Evolution 1) Software Specification:- The functionality of the software and constraints on its operation must be defined. 2) Software Development:- The software to meet the specification must be produced. 3) Software Validation:- The software must be validated to ensure that it does what the c

Application of DBMS:- There are various fields where a database management system is used. Following are some application which make use of the database management system. 1) Railway Reservation System 2) Library Management System 3) Banking 4) Credit Card Transaction 5) Telecommunications 1) Railway Reservation System:-                                                              In the Railway Reservation System, the database is required to store the record or data of ticket booking, status about train's arrived, and departure. 2) Library Management System:-                                                               There are lots of books in library so; it is tough to store the record of all the books in a register or copy. So, the database management system (DBMS) is used to maintain all the information related to the name of the book, issue date, availability of the book, and it's author. 3) Booking:-                       DBMS is used to store the transaction informati

What is Three Level Architecture of DBMS? Three Level Architecture of DBMS:- An early proposal for a standard terminology and general architecture database a system was Produced in 1971 by the DBTG (Data Base Task Group) appointed by the conference on data systems and languages. DBTG recognized the need for a two level approach with a system view called the schema and user view called subschema. There are following three level or layers of DBMS architecture:- 1) External Level 2) Conceptual Level 3) Internal Level 1) External Level:- it is also called "view level". The reason this level is called "view" is because several users can view their desired data from this level which is internally fetched from database with the help of conceptual and internal level mapping. 2) Conceptual Level:- It is also called logical level. The whole design of the database such as relationship among data schema of data etc are described in this level. 3) Internal Level:- This Level is

What is Data Independence? Data Independence:-                                      Data Independence is ability to modify a schema definition in one level without affecting a schema definition in the next higher level. Data Independence is defined as a property of DBMS that helps you to change the Database schema at one level of a Database system without requiring to change the schema at the next higher level. Types of Data Independence:- There are two types of Data Independence 1) Physical Data Independence 2) Logical Data Independence 1) Physical Data Independence:-                                                           All the schemas are logical and the actual data is stored in bit format on the disk. Physical data Independence is the power to change the physical data without impacting the schema or logical data. 2) Logical Data Independence:-                                                         Logical data is data about database that is, it stores information about how dat

 What is Database Management System Introduction:-                            A database management system (DBMS) refers to the technology for creating and managing databases.  DBMS is a software tool to organize (Create, Retrieve, Update and Manage) data in a database. The main aim of a DBMS is to supply a way to store up and retrieve database information that is both convenient and efficient. Why use DBMS:- 1) To develop software applications in less time. 2) Data independence and efficient use of data. 3) For uniform data administration. 4) For concurrent access to data, and data recovery from crashes. 5) To use user friendly declarative query language.