Graphic design python turtle 🐢

By Kajal Vishwakarma -
from turtle import * import colorsys bgcolor('black') pensize(0) tracer(50) h=0 for i in range(300): c=colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(h,1,1) h+=0.9 color(c) forward(300) left(100) fd(i) goto(0,0) down() rt(90) begin_fill() circle(0) end_fill() rt(10) for j in range(5): rt(30) done() Please follow my blog and subscribe my channel for more videos and newly updates 👍👍👍👍👍 import turtle as t import colorsys t.bgcolor('black') t.tracer(100) h=0.4 def draw(ang,n): t.circle(5+n,60) t.left(ang) t.circle(5+n,60) for i in range(200): c=colorsys.hsv_to_rgb(h,1,1) h+=0.005 t.color(c) t.pensize(2) draw(90,i*2) draw(120,i*2.5) draw()
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Layered Network Architecture in computer network

By Kajal Vishwakarma -

Layered Network Architecture

Layering is a widely accepted structuring technique  in designing a communication system. A set of layers and protocols is called a network architecture. To reduce their design complexity, networks are organized as a series of layers, each one built on the layer below it. The number of layers, their contents and their functions varies from network to network. However, in all networks, the purpose of each layer is to offer certain services to the higher layers, protecting those layers from the implementation details of services.


The communication between the two machines or parties is done by protocols. A protocols is defined as a set of rules governing the exchange of data between two separate entities or application programs. These conventions when standardized are called protocols. Violating the protocol will make communication more difficult, if not impossible.

Advantages

  1. Layering reduces the design complexity of the network.
  2. In a layered architecture, each layer function totally independent of the neighbouring layers, so any technological changes at any layer at any time can be easily incorporated.
  3. Since the functionality of layers is independent so each layer can follows its independent protocol as per its requirements.
  4. Layering facilitates troubleshooting and reduces maintenance complexity.
  5. Layering helps in message format conversion between different protocols followed at different/same layers.
  6. Layering facilitates internationally standardized working.
  7. Layering helps in the proper division of work to achieve the overall objective of proper communication.

Disadvantages
  1. The major disadvantage of using a layered network model is that it is somewhat inefficient. Because there are several layers, each with its own software and packets, sending a message involves many software programs and many packets.

           

https://rgpvnotesforcsestudents.blogspot.com/2021/03/data-link-layer-its-design-issues.html

https://rgpvnotesforcsestudents.blogspot.com/2021/03/computer-network-topology.html

https://rgpvnotesforcsestudents.blogspot.com/2021/03/network-architecture.html

https://rgpvnotesforcsestudents.blogspot.com/2021/03/components-of-computer-network.html




 

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